Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis ...
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Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)

    • Delirium/confusional states

    • Infection (UTI)

    • Atrophic urethritis/vaginitis

    • Pharmaceuticals

    • Psychological/psychiatric

    • Excessive urine output

    • Restricted mobility

    • Stool impaction

 - Stress Incontinence - Failure of urethral sphincter to remain closed - Small Volume, Precipitated by stress maneuvers, More common in multiparous women

 - Urge Incontinence - Detrusor overactivity, Abrupt urgency, Moderate to large leakage of urine, Precipitated by cold temperature & running water

 - Overflow Incontinence - Distended bladder with high post-void residual volume, Continuous small volume leakage +/- Precipitated by stress maneuvers

    • Impaired Detrusor Contraction - Signs of autonomic neuropathy or spinal cord disease, cauda equina syndrome, anticholinergic medications

    • Bladder Outlet Obstruction



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