Hypoalbuminemia and hypophosphatemia can mask an anion gap (particularly, low albumin states usually underestimate the anion gap). To estimate the normal anion gap for that patient, either:
1. Multiply the albumin by 2.5 and add half the phosphorous OR
2. For every g/dL the albumin is below 4, add 2.5 to the calculated anion gap

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