When assessing a patient with acute dyspnea during or shortly following a transfusion, it is challenging to differentiate between TRALI, TACO, and anaphylaxis, because all may have hypoxia. The key to differentiating TRALI from TACO is physical examination findings of volume overload. Both anaphylaxis and TACO may present with stridor and wheeze, but are quickly differentiated by the presence of hypotension with anaphylaxis.


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