Muscarinic Receptor Agonists and Antagonists 

Muscarinic Receptor Agonists

Methacholine

 • Diagnosis of bronchial airway

Carbachol

 • Glaucorna (topical administration)

Bethanechol

 • Ileus (postoperative, neurogenic)

 • Urinary retention

Pilocarpine

 • Glaucorna (topical administration)

 • Xerostomia due to Sjögren syndrome, Head and neck irradiation

Cevimeline

 • Xerostomia due to Sjögren syndrome

Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists

Atropine

 • Acute symptomatic bradycardia (e.g., AV block)

 • Cholinesterase inhibitor intoxication

 • Aspiration prophylaxis

Scopolamine

 • Motion sickness

Homatropine, cyclopentolate, tropicamide

 • Ophthalmological examination (cycloplegia and mydriasis induction)

Ipratropium, tiotropium, aclidinium. umeclidinium

 • COPD

 • Rhinorrhea (ipratropium)

Pirenzepine, telenzepine

 • Peptic ulcer disease (notin US.)

Oxybutynin, trospium, darifenacin, solifenacin, tolterodine, fesoterodine

 • Overactive bladder, enuresis, neurogenic bladder

Glycopyrrolate

 • Duodenal ulcer

 • Sialorrhea

Dicyclomine, hyoscyamine

 • Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Trihexyphenidyl, benztropine

 • Parkinson disease



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