Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR, TTKG, distal flow adequate)

Increased Release - Increased Serum Osmoles, Increased Urate, Phosphate, Creatinine Kinase

 • Non-Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis

 • Hyperosmolarity

 • Cell Lysis (e.g. Tumor Lysis Syndrome, rhabdomyolysis)

Decreased Entry - Decreased Na+-H+ Exchanger, Decreased Na+-K+-ATPase

 • Insulin Deficiency/Resistance

 • Beta-2 antagonism

 • alpha-1 agonism

 • Digoxin



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