Causes of Scrotal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Painful - Sudden Onset

 • Testicular Torsion

 • Torsion of the Testicular Appendix

 • Trauma

 • Incarcerated Hernia

Painful - Gradual Onset - If with Dysuria see Dysuria scheme

 • Acute Epididymitis

 • Epididymo-orchitis

Epididymal

 • Epididymal Cyst

 • Spermatocele

Spermatic Cord

 • Communicating hydrocele 

 • Indirect hernia

Hydrocele

 • Communicating/non-communicating

 • Traumatic/Reactive

Tumor - Solid = Tumor until proven otherwise

 • Germ cell Seminoma, Teratoma, Mixed

 • Non-germ cell

Varicocele - Soft / "Bag of Worms"



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