Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 

 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)

 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)

 • Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (Lisinopril)

 • Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (Losartan)

 • Synthesis of aldosterone inhibition (Heparin)

 • Sodium-channel blockers (Amiloride, Triamterene, Trimethoprim)

 • Aldosterone Antagonist (Spironolactone)

 • Calcineurin Inhibitors (Tacrolimus, Cyclosporine)

 • Increased EC shift of K (Succinylcholine)

 • Exogenous (KCL, Benyzlpenicillin, blood)



Dr. Muner Mohamed @MunerMohamed1



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