Periorbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Definitions:

a. Dacryoadenitis: infection of the lacrimal glands

b. Conjunctivitis: inflammation of the conjunctiva

c. Chalazion: a benign, painless bump or nodule inside the upper or lower eyelid which results from healed internal hordeolums that are no longer infectious.

d. Dacryocystitis: an infection of the lacrimal sac, secondary to obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct at the junction of lacrimal sac.

e. Hordeolum: localized infection or inflammation of the eyelid margin involving hair follicles of the eyelashes or meibomian glands.

Note:

Eye exam should reveal normal:

 - extra-ocular movements and globe position 

 - pupillary reflex and visual acuity

If any are abnormal, the presentation is no longer considered periorbital cellulitis, as the infection has likely spread beyond the preseptal compartment/orbital septum. If the eye cannot be assessed, the patient NEEDS a CT scan.



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